Pediatric ECG Overview – The Premier EKG Resource for Medical Professionals

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Pediatric ECG Overview
  • Normal standard variations occur with age (most rapidly during 1st year of life) [1], ethnicity, racial background [2,3] (limited race-specific data), & body mass index [4]
  • Most significant variations occur in QRS voltage in scalar ECGs & vectorcardiograms [5]
  • With improved technology in fetal ECG, normal fetal values being established [6,7]

REFERENCES

1. Davignon A, Rautaharju P, Boisselle E, et al. Normal ECG standards for infants and children. Ped Cardiol 1:123, 1979.

2. Rao PS, Thapar MK, Harp RJ. Racial variations in electrocardiograms and vectorcardiograms between black and white children and their genesis. J Electrocardiol 17:239, 1984.

3. Rao PS. Racial differences in electrocardiograms and vectorcardiograms between black and white adolescents. J Electrocardiol 18:309, 1985.

4. Ito S, Okuni M, Hosaki J, et al. Effects of fatness on the electrocardiogram in children aged 12-15 years. PediatrCardiol 6:249, 1986.

5. Perry LW, Pipberger HV, Pipberger HA, et al. Scalar, planar, and spatial measurements of the Frank vectorcardiogram in normal infants and children. Am Heart J 111:721, 1986.

6. Taylor MJ, Smith MJ, Thomas M, et al. Non-invasive fetal electrocardiography in singleton and multiple pregnancies. BJOG 110:668, 2003.

7. Chia EL, Ho TF, Rauff M, et al. Cardiac time intervals of normal fetuses using noninvasive fetal electrocardiography. PrenatDiagn 25:546, 2005.

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Dr. Anthony Kashou (The EKG Guy) is a physician resident at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. He is on a mission to transform ECG education and filling the gap exists around the world. Dr. Kashou has taught and developed curriculum for medical students, including 500+ lectures and 100+ hours of adult and pediatric ECG lessons.

At the Mayo Clinic, he pursues innovative ECG research and was awarded first place for his research at the Minnesota American College of Cardiology Conference 2018. His passion for medical education and innovation led to the development of EKG.MD, which provides a convenient and accessible forum to learn the fundamentals and foundations of ECG interpretation. He has also authored dozens of peer-reviewed articles for medical journals and textbooks, along with multiple ECG books for learners at all levels.

Dr. Kashou continues to lead and teach weekly ECG sessions and weekend seminars for residents, nurses, ECG interpreting technicians, and physician assistants at the Mayo Clinic. He has been asked and is currently developing an ECG board review course for cardiology fellows. He has an online following of over 275,000 individuals and is the founder of the largest, fastest growing ECG community in the world. His clinical research focuses on developing innovative ECG algorithms that can be integrated and implemented into clinical practice.

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